自身免疫性 肝炎
Overview
不像其他形式的肝炎，如 病毒 和 中毒性肝炎, autoimmune hepatitis occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy liver cells. As a result, the liver becomes inflamed 和 hepatitis develops. 在严重的情况下或如果不及时治疗, 这种情况会导致肝脏形成疤痕, 这种情况被称为 肝硬化最终导致肝功能衰竭.
Research has shown that genetic factors may increase some people's risk of developing autoimmune hepatitis. While people of any age can develop autoimmune hepatitis, women between the ages of 20 to 40 are most commonly affected.
我们治疗自身免疫性肝炎的方法
UCSF offers the most advanced diagnostic 和 treatment options for patients with autoimmune hepatitis. We generally begin with a high dose of prednisone (a steroidal medication) to stop or slow the immune system's attack on the liver. We then taper the dose 和 may supplement the regimen with additional immune-suppressing medications to manage the condition long term.
自身免疫性 hepatitis can lead to severe liver damage or failure. 在这种情况下，肝移植可能是必要的. Our liver transplant program, designated a center of excellence by the U.S. 卫生与公众服务部, is known for outst和ing outcomes 和 for helping pioneer techniques that have made transplants safer 和更多的 successful. 我们每年做100多例移植手术, 和 our survival statistics are among the best in the country.
奖 & 识别
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是全国顶尖的十大赌博平台排行榜之一
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全国最好的胃肠病学专家之一 & 胃肠道手术
迹象 & 症状
Symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis vary, depending on the severity. 然而，一些更常见的包括:
- 乏力
- 肝脏肿大
- Jaundice, a condition that causes a yellowing tint of the skin 和 eyes
- 关节疼痛
- 腹部不适
- Blood vessels that appear as "spiders" on the surface of the skin
- 恶心想吐
- 呕吐
- 食欲不振
- 尿色深
- 精神错乱，可能在晚期出现
诊断
对自身免疫性肝炎的诊断, your doctor will start by conducting a thorough physical examination 和 asking about your medical history, 包括你现在的症状.
您还可以接受以下测试:
- 血液测试. A series of blood tests will be conducted to detect any antibodies that indicate autoimmune hepatitis 和 liver injury. In addition, blood tests help to distinguish which type of hepatitis you have.
- 肝活组织检查. Because diseases other than autoimmune hepatitis can give rise to these antibodies, a 肝活组织检查 通常是为了确定诊断. During a biopsy, a small sample of tissue is removed from your liver using a thin needle. The tissue is prepared 和 stained in a laboratory for examination under a microscope.
治疗
A drug called prednisone is the cornerstone of treatment for autoimmune hepatitis. It is initially given in high doses, which are tapered when the liver begins to respond.
强的松治疗的最佳时间是不确定的. Because many patients relapse after relatively brief treatment, most doctors recommend prednisone at the lowest effective dose for one to two years before stopping. The long-term outlook depends on the success of the patient's initial treatment.
For patients who are resistant to prednisone, other types of immunosuppression may be tried. 肝移植 is the treatment for cases that progress to liver failure.
肝移植
肝脏移植手术 is recommended for people whose autoimmune hepatitis causes severe liver damage or progresses to liver failure. The evaluation for a transplant is complex 和 generally requires several months. 因此, 即使病人感觉很好, they should be referred for a transplant at the first sign of liver failure or if they have advanced liver disease diagnosed by X-ray studies or 肝活组织检查.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only 和 is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
